Likewar: The Weaponization of Social Media - Singer, P. W.; Brooking, Emerson T. Review & Synopsis

 Synopsis

Two defense experts explore the collision of war, politics, and social media, where the most important battles are now only a click away.

 Through the weaponization of social media, the internet is changing war and politics, just as war and politics are changing the internet. Terrorists livestream their attacks, "Twitter wars" produce real-world casualties, and viral misinformation alters not just the result of battles, but the very fate of nations. The result is that war, tech, and politics have blurred into a new kind of battlespace that plays out on our smartphones.

 P. W. Singer and Emerson Brooking tackle the mind-bending questions that arise when war goes online and the online world goes to war. They explore how ISIS copies the Instagram tactics of Taylor Swift, a former World of Warcraft addict foils war crimes thousands of miles away, internet trolls shape elections, and China uses a smartphone app to police the thoughts of 1.4 billion citizens. What can be kept secret in a world of networks? Does social media expose the truth or bury it? And what role do ordinary people now play in international conflicts?

 Delving into the web's darkest corners, we meet the unexpected warriors of social media, such as the rapper turned jihadist PR czar and the Russian hipsters who wage unceasing infowars against the West. Finally, looking to the crucial years ahead, LikeWar outlines a radical new paradigm for understanding and defending against the unprecedented threats of our networked world. 

  

Review

P. W. SINGER is a strategist at New America and a consultant for the US military, the intelligence community, and Hollywood. He is the author of several best-selling books, including Wired for War and Ghost Fleet.

 EMERSON T. BROOKING is an expert on conflict and social media. He served most recently as a research fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and has written for the Atlantic, Foreign Policy, and Popular Science. 

P. W. SINGER is an expert on twenty-first-century warfare. His award-winning nonfiction books include the New York Times bestseller Wired for War.

EMERSON T. BROOKING is a Resident Fellow at the Digital Forensic Research Lab of the Atlantic Council. His work has been published in Foreign Affairs, the Atlantic, and Rolling Stone.

Likewar

Social media has been weaponized, as state hackers and rogue terrorists have seized upon Twitter and Facebook to create chaos and destruction. This urgent report is required reading, from defense experts P.W. Singer and Emerson T. Brooking.

Social media has been weaponized, as state hackers and rogue terrorists have seized upon Twitter and Facebook to create chaos and destruction. This urgent report is required reading, from defense experts P.W. Singer and Emerson T. Brooking."

Summary of Likewar

LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media by P. W. Singer and Emerson T. Brooking: Conversation Starters Livestream attacks launched by terrorists, the Twitter wars that have real consequences on people and events, the misinformation that create political effects. The new battlespace now involves tech, politics, and war that all happen on smartphones. There are some 2 billion mobile broadband subscriptions worldwide in 2013 and 6 billion in 2016. By 2020, that number is expected to reach 8 billion. This book is a required reading for everyone living in a democracy and for people who want to understand the world we live in. Questions about privacy, truth, people's roles and responsibilities in relation to international conflict are explored. The authors try to look ahead and outline a new paradigm that will help readers understand and defend themselves against threats resulting from interconnectivity. LikeWar is an Amazon Best Book of the Year. A Brief Look Inside: EVERY GOOD BOOK CONTAINS A WORLD FAR DEEPER than the surface of its pages. The characters and their world come alive, and the characters and its world still live on. Conversation Starters is peppered with questions designed to bring us beneath the surface of the page and invite us into the world that lives on. These questions can be used to.. Create Hours of Conversation: - Promote an atmosphere of discussion for groups - Foster a deeper understanding of the book - Assist in the study of the book, either individually or corporately - Explore unseen realms of the book as never seen before Disclaimer: This book you are about to enjoy is an independent resource meant to supplement the original book. If you have not yet read the original book, we encourage you to before purchasing this unofficial Conversation Starters.

By 2020, that number is expected to reach 8 billion. This book is a required reading for everyone living in a democracy and for people who want to understand the world we live in."

Summary of P.W. Singer & Emerson T. Brooking's Likewar

Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book. Sample Book Insights: #1 The first tweet of the war was sent on May 4, 2009. It was a promotion for Donald Trump’s TV show. Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube were just beginning to be used for socializing and sharing content, but they would soon be thrust into the center of civic life and global politics. #2 Through his Twitter account, Trump began posting about politics and drawing attention to himself. In the three years that followed, he would personally author some 15,000 tweets. #3 The Trump campaign was not just a marketing or political campaign, but also an information war fought by hundreds of millions of people across dozens of social media platforms. The participants ranged from politicians and celebrities to soldiers, criminals, and terrorists. #4 The Islamic State, also known as ISIS or Daesh in Arabic, launched a social media campaign in 2014 to promote their invasion of northern Iraq. They posted selfies of black-clad militants and Instagram images of convoys that looked like Mad Max come to life. Their demands for swift surrender were spread both regionally and personally, via the internet.

Everest Media ,. The engineers that built the world's largest digital platform had neither expected nor wanted to spend hundreds of hours in corporate boardrooms debating the spectrum of nipple visibility. But they did."

Online Terrorist Propaganda, Recruitment, and Radicalization

Online Terrorist Propaganda, Recruitment, and Radicalization is most complete treatment of the rapidly growing phenomenon of how terrorists’ online presence is utilized for terrorism funding, communication, and recruitment purposes. The book offers an in-depth coverage of the history and development of online "footprints" to target new converts, broaden their messaging, and increase their influence. Chapters present the emergence of various groups; the advancement of terrorist groups’ online presences; their utilization of video, chat room, and social media; and the current capability for propaganda, training, and recruitment. With contributions from leading experts in the field—including practitioners and terrorism researchers—the coverage moves from general factors to specific groups practices as relate to Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), and numerous other groups. Chapters also examine the lone wolf phenomenon as a part of the disturbing trend of self-radicalization. A functional, real-world approach is used regarding the classification of the means and methods by which an online presence is often utilized to promote and support acts of terrorism. Online Terrorist Propaganda, Recruitment, and Radicalization examines practical solutions in identifying the threat posed by terrorist propaganda and U.S. government efforts to counter it, with a particular focus on ISIS, the Dark Web, national and international measures to identify, thwart, and prosecute terrorist activities online. As such, it will be an invaluable resources for intelligence professionals, terrorism and counterterrorism professionals, those researching terrorism funding, and policy makers looking to restrict the spread of terrorism propaganda online.

For a highly readable history of the move from the origins of the internet to social media, see P. W. Singer and Emerson T . Brooking , LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media (Boston, MA.: Eamon Dolan Books of Houghton Mifflin ..."

Ali Imron, sang pengebom

Autobiography of Ali Imron, a terrorist of 2002 Bali bombing.

Autobiography of Ali Imron, a terrorist of 2002 Bali bombing."

Sanctions as War

Sanctions as War is the first critical analysis of economic sanctions from a global perspective. Featuring case studies from 11 sanctioned countries and theoretical essays, it will be of immediate interest to those interested in understanding how sanctions became the common sense of American foreign policy.

 Mulder , Nicholas . (Forthcoming). The Economic Weapon: The Rise of Sanctions as a Tool of Modern War . New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Petti, Matthew. (2020). “ Economic Sanctions : An Alternative to War or War by Alternative Means ?"

The Observer

Wall Street Journal Best Selling Book The two anchors in Kat's frenzied life have been her father; a famous baseball pitcher turned team manager, and her son, who is following in his grandfather's footsteps. When both anchors become unstable, Kat's life tips dangerously out of balance. The market and her finances flip, and relationships start slipping through her fingers. Eager for solutions, she turns to find uncanny wisdom from places she never expected. The Observer unpacks the idea of 180-degree thinking, which changes everything for Kat. Now, seemingly impossible goals come into focus with crystal clear clarity. As Kat focuses on the right things, the impossible becomes her new reality. Imparted with truth and wisdom, The Observer is a classic for discovering the peak performer within yourself. This timeless story of success principles is more important today than it has ever been before as uncertainty lurks right around the corner. “A powerful work with insights that, once applied, will help you lift your life to a completely new level.” —Robin Sharma, #1 bestselling author of The 5AM Club and The Monk Who Sold His Ferrari Kat has it all—money, success, recognition, influence—except the one thing she desperately desires: a fulfilled life. A business entrepreneur in the high-end sportswear industry, Kat is driven in relentless pursuit of ever-greater success.

 P. W. Singer and Emerson T . Brooking , LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media . Eamon Dolan, division of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2018. Pg. 119. 12. Joshua Green and Sasha Issenberg, “Inside the Trump Bunker, With Days to Go,” ..."

Digital Frontiers in Gender and Security

Exploring the digital frontiers of feminist international relations, this book investigates how gender can be mainstreamed into discourse about technology and security. With a focus on big data, communications technology, social media, cryptocurrency and decentralized finance, the book explores the ways in which technology presents sites for gender-based violence. Crucially, it examines potential avenues for resistance at these sites, especially regarding the actions of major tech companies, surveillance by repressive governments and attempts to use the Global South as a laboratory for new interventions. The book draws valuable insights that will be essential to researchers in international relations, security studies and feminist security studies.

 Singer , Peter W., and Allan Friedman. 2014. Cybersecurity: What Everyone Needs to Know. New York: Oxford University Press. Singer , P.W. , and Emerson T . Brooking . 2018. LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media ."

The Twittering Machine

A brilliant probe into the political and psychological effects of our changing relationship with social media Former social media executives tell us that the system is an addiction-machine. We are users, waiting for our next hit as we like, comment and share. We write to the machine as individuals, but it responds by aggregating our fantasies, desires and frailties into data, and returning them to us as a commodity experience. The Twittering Machine is an unflinching view into the calamities of digital life: the circus of online trolling, flourishing alt-right subcultures, pervasive corporate surveillance, and the virtual data mines of Facebook and Google where we spend considerable portions of our free time. In this polemical tour de force, Richard Seymour shows how the digital world is changing the ways we speak, write, and think. Through journalism, psychoanalytic reflection and insights from users, developers, security experts and others, Seymour probes the human side of the machine, asking what we’re getting out of it, and what we’re getting into. Social media held out the promise that we could make our own history–to what extent did we choose the nightmare that it has become?

181 : Most social industry users , still a minority . ... The Atlantic , November 2016 ; Emerson T . Brooking and P. W. Singer , Like War : The Weaponization of Social Media , Houghton Mifflin Harcourt : Boston , MA , 2018 . p ."

Global Communication

Discusses the players, theories, and trends that affect how the world communicates and gets their information This book is a definitive text on multinational communication and media conglomerates, exploring how global media influences both audiences and policy makers around the world. Comprehensively updated to reflect the many fast moving developments associated with this dynamic field, this new edition investigates who and where certain cultural products are coming from and why, and addresses issues and concerns about their impact all over the world. Global Communication: Theories, Stakeholders, and Trends, 5th Edition has been thoroughly updated with new content, trends, and conclusions, all based on the latest data. The book examines broadcasting, mass media, and news services ranging from MSNBC, MTV, and CNN to television sitcoms and Hollywood export markets. It investigates the roles of the major players, such as News Corp, Sony, the BBC, Disney, Bertelsmann, Viacom, and Time Warner, and probes the role of advertising and the Internet and their ability to transcend national boundaries and beliefs. New chapters look at the growing importance and significance of other major regions such as the media in the Middle East, Europe, and Asia. • Outlines the major institutions, individuals, corporations, technologies, and issues that are altering the international information, telecommunication, and broadcasting order • Focuses on a broad range of issues, including social media and new services like Netflix, as well as Arab and Asian media • Includes major updates on discussion of the Internet to incorporate global events over the last few years (such as Russian use thereof, Facebook, Google) • Looks at how streaming services such as Netflix, Amazon, Spotify, and more have emerged as dominant players in world entertainment • Offers an updated instructor’s website with an instructor’s manual, test banks, and student activities Global Communication: Theories, Stakeholders, and Trends, 5th Edition is intended as an upper-level, undergraduate text for students in courses on International/Global Communication, Global Media/Journalism, and Media Systems in Journalism, Communications, or Media Studies Departments.

Rugh, William A. The Arab Press: News Media and Political Process in the Arab World. ... African Language, Digital Media, and Communication. ... Singer , P.W. , and Brooking , Emerson T . Like War: The Weaponization of Social Media ."

ECCWS 2019 18th European Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security

 Singer , P. W. ; Brooking , Emerson T . (2018): Likewar. The weaponization of social media . Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Sternberg, Robert J.; Mio, Jeff (2007): Cognitive psychology. International student ed., 4. ed., ..."

Come Hell or High Fever

‘Nations appear and fall, but cities endure and rediscover how to succeed. In this meticulously defined and researched book, Glenn presents ideas for minimising suffering during urban catastrophes. His urgency identifies risks held in urban areas by 3.5 billion people. These people are many of us: as urban populations occupying 3 per cent of our planet’s land area, drawing water from 41 per cent of the world’s ground surface, consuming 60 to 80 per cent of global energy and achieving 80 per cent of the world’s economic productivity. For Glenn, our resilience—through diversity in preparation, survival and recovery—includes comprehensive approaches that are sustained in duration, orchestrated in bringing all necessary capabilities to bear, layered in approach and early in application.’ —Major General Chris Field, Australian Army ‘The time to prepare for the inevitable is now. Dr Glenn has written a book that should be read by all leaders, planners and responders who may be called upon in an urban disaster, whether natural or man-made. Military leaders should give it particular attention, as the human race is increasingly concentrated in its cities. Understanding how to wage war in dense urban terrain is essential, especially if a nation also seeks to hold the moral high ground. The fruits of any victory won among people that fails to consider the lessons in Come Hell or High Fever are likely to be very bitter.’ —Lieutenant General Sean MacFarland, United States Army (retired)

... available from: www.heritage.org/homeland-security/report/after-hurricane-sandy-time-learn- and-implement-the-lessons-preparedness. 20 P.W. Singer and Emerson T . Brooking , Like War: The Weaponization of Social Media , ..."

Bombarded

Imagine an imminent America where citizens are bombarded with personalized political messages from every smart device – yet information is so suspect, nobody can tell what the truth is. It means oceans of disinformation engineered to sow false beliefs or simply disorient. The coronavirus pandemic provided a foretaste of an infuriating, dystopian future. From the start Americans fought over the most basic facts of the crisis, from death tolls to quack cures to the wisdom of stay-at-home orders. The splintered digital infosphere bred confusion and delusion, some of it fatal. Now think of our campaigns and elections. The digital information age means more than hyper-targeted, just-for-you messages from insurance companies and presidential candidates alike. Big Data is on the way to fueling information environments so fine-tuned, no two of us hold the same view of reality, and no two voters hear the same pitch. Already, citizens don’t know who to trust or what to believe – about COVID-19 or anything else. If we ask nothing more of tech providers or digital citizens, the fog will continue to thicken. Irritation will merge into despair and then numbness... and democracy teeters. Digital pioneer Cyrus Krohn knows the territory, and in Bombarded: How to Fight Back Against the Online Assault on Democracy, Krohn locates the roots of our blooming political chaos in the earliest days of the World Wide Web. But he goes beyond recounting 25 years of destabilizing Internet shock waves and his own role in building digital culture. Krohn rolls out a provocative action plan for rescuing the American system of campaigns and elections while there is still time. “Trying to shield yourself from disinformation and deep fakes? Cyrus Krohn offers a ‘five-step program’ to fight back. This book rings true." —Jill Dougherty, Former CNN Moscow Bureau Chief

 P. W. Singer and Emerson T . Brooking , LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media . Eamon Dolan, division of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2018. Pg. 119. 12. Joshua Green and Sasha Issenberg, “Inside the Trump Bunker, With Days to Go,” ..."

Social Media Impacts on Conflict and Democracy

Social media technology is having a dramatic impact on social and political dynamics around the world. The contributors to this book document and illustrate this "techtonic" shift on violent conflict and democratic processes. They present vivid examples and case studies from countries in Africa, South and Southeast Asia, Latin America as well as Northern Ireland. Each author maps an array of peacebuilding solutions to social media threats, including coordinated action by civil society, governments and tech companies to protect human minds, relationships and institutions. Solutions presented include inoculating society with a new digital literacy agenda, designing technology for positive social impacts, and regulating technology to prohibit the worst behaviours. A must-read both for political scientists and policymakers trying to understand the impact of social media, and media studies scholars looking for a global perspective.

In LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media , P.W. Singer and Emerson T . Brooking argue authoritarians use social media platforms as weapons to manipulate public beliefs and undermine democratic institutions and civil society movements ..."

War Virtually

A critical look at how the US military is weaponizing technology and data for new kinds of warfare—and why we must resist. War Virtually is the story of how scientists, programmers, and engineers are racing to develop data-driven technologies for fighting virtual wars, both at home and abroad. In this landmark book, Roberto J. González gives us a lucid and gripping account of what lies behind the autonomous weapons, robotic systems, predictive modeling software, advanced surveillance programs, and psyops techniques that are transforming the nature of military conflict. González, a cultural anthropologist, takes a critical approach to the techno-utopian view of these advancements and their dubious promise of a less deadly and more efficient warfare. With clear, accessible prose, this book exposes the high-tech underpinnings of contemporary military operations—and the cultural assumptions they're built on. Chapters cover automated battlefield robotics; social scientists' involvement in experimental defense research; the blurred line between political consulting and propaganda in the internet era; and the military's use of big data to craft new counterinsurgency methods based on predicting conflict. González also lays bare the processes by which the Pentagon and US intelligence agencies have quietly joined forces with Big Tech, raising an alarming prospect: that someday Google, Amazon, and other Silicon Valley firms might merge with some of the world's biggest defense contractors. War Virtually takes an unflinching look at an algorithmic future—where new military technologies threaten democratic governance and human survival.

 O 'Mara, Margaret. 2018. Silicon Valley Can't Escape the Business of War. New York Times, October 26. www.nytimes.com/2018/10/26/opinion/amazonbezos-pentagon-hq2.html. . 2019. The Code : Silicon Valley and the Remaking of America ."

Conflict in the 21st Century: The Impact of Cyber Warfare, Social Media, and Technology

This reference work examines how sophisticated cyber-attacks and innovative use of social media have changed conflict in the digital realm, while new military technologies such as drones and robotic weaponry continue to have an impact on modern warfare. • Provides fascinating information about cyber weapons that effectively strike through cyberspace to weaken and even cripple its target • Demonstrates how social media is employed in conflicts in innovative ways, including communication, propaganda, and psychological warfare • Explores potential technology avenues related to ensuring the continued military advantages of the United States • Identifies and describes nuclear, precision, and other technological capabilities that have historically been the preserve of superpowers but have been newly acquired by various states

“Fourth Generation Warfare and the US Military's Social Media Strategy.” ASPJAfrica & Francophonie 3, no. ... Singer , P. W. , and Emerson T . Brooking . LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media . Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2018."

Political Junkies

A wide-ranging history of seventy years of change in political media, and how it transformed -- and fractured -- American politics With fake news on Facebook, trolls on Twitter, and viral outrage everywhere, it's easy to believe that the internet changed politics entirely. In Political Junkies, historian Claire Bond Potter shows otherwise, revealing the roots of today's dysfunction by situating online politics in a longer history of alternative political media. From independent newsletters in the 1950s to talk radio in the 1970s to cable television in the 1980s, pioneers on the left and right developed alternative media outlets that made politics more popular, and ultimately, more partisan. When campaign operatives took up e-mail, blogging, and social media, they only supercharged these trends. At a time when political engagement has never been greater and trust has never been lower, Political Junkies is essential reading for understanding how we got here.

From Talk Radio to Twitter, How Alternative Media Hooked Us on Politics and Broke Our Democracy Claire Bond Potter ... 2 (April 2014): 456; Peter Singer and Emerson T . Brooking , Like War: the Weaponization of Social Media (New York: ..."

Myths and Realities of Cyber Warfare: Conflict in the Digital Realm

This illuminating book examines and refines the commonplace "wisdom" about cyber conflict—its effects, character, and implications for national and individual security in the 21st century. "Cyber warfare" evokes different images to different people. This book deals with the technological aspects denoted by "cyber" and also with the information operations connected to social media's role in digital struggle. The author discusses numerous mythologies about cyber warfare, including its presumptively instantaneous speed, that it makes distance and location irrelevant, and that victims of cyber attacks deserve blame for not defending adequately against attacks. The author outlines why several widespread beliefs about cyber weapons need modification and suggests more nuanced and contextualized conclusions about how cyber domain hostility impacts conflict in the modern world. After distinguishing between the nature of warfare and the character of wars, chapters will probe the widespread assumptions about cyber weapons themselves. The second half of the book explores the role of social media and the consequences of the digital realm being a battlespace in 21st-century conflicts. The book also considers how trends in computing and cyber conflict impact security affairs as well as the practicality of people's relationships with institutions and trends, ranging from democracy to the Internet of Things. Provides an overview of the numerous myths and realities associated with all aspects of cyber warfare Explains how the leveraging of social media shapes political discourse and frays cultural norms Shows how advanced persistent threats engage in espionage against critical infrastructure Reveals how individuals and criminal groups conduct an array of nefarious cyber activities with wide-ranging levels of skill

Friended at the Front: Social Media in the American War Zone. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 2015. Singer , P. W. , and Emerson T . Brooking . LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media . Boston, MA: Eamon Dolan, 2018. Singer , P. W. ..."

Power to the People

Never have so many possessed the means to be so lethal. The diffusion of modern technology (robotics, cyber weapons, 3-D printing, autonomous systems, and artificial intelligence) to ordinary people has given them access to weapons of mass violence previously monopolized by the state. In recent years, states have attempted to stem the flow of such weapons to individuals and non-state groups, but their efforts are failing. As Audrey Kurth Cronin explains in Power to the People, what we are seeing now is an exacerbation of an age-old trend. Over the centuries, the most surprising developments in warfare have occurred because of advances in technologies combined with changes in who can use them. Indeed, accessible innovations in destructive force have long driven new patterns of political violence. When Nobel invented dynamite and Kalashnikov designed the AK-47, each inadvertently spurred terrorist and insurgent movements that killed millions and upended the international system. That history illuminates our own situation, in which emerging technologies are altering society and redistributing power. The twenty-first century "sharing economy" has already disrupted every institution, including the armed forces. New "open" technologies are transforming access to the means of violence. Just as importantly, higher-order functions that previously had been exclusively under state military control - mass mobilization, force projection, and systems integration - are being harnessed by non-state actors. Cronin closes by focusing on how to respond so that we both preserve the benefits of emerging technologies yet reduce the risks. Power, in the form of lethal technology, is flowing to the people, but the same technologies that empower can imperil global security - unless we act strategically.

 Singer , P. W. Corporate Warriors: The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2003. Singer , P. W. , and Emerson T . Brooking , LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media . New York: Houghton Mifflin ..."

War and Rights

Long wars foster democratic freedom in strong states

“ Social Dominance Orientation : Testing a Global Individual Difference Perspective . ” Political Psychology 31 ( 2 ) ... Singer , P. W. ( Peter Warren ) , and Emerson T . Brooking . 2018. Likewar : The Weaponization of Social Media ."

The USA and The World 2020–2022

The USA and The World 2020–2022 provides students with vital information on these countries through a thorough and expert overview of political and economic histories, current events, and emerging trends.

 Singer , P.W. Wired for War: The Robotics Revolution and Conflict in the Twenty-first Century. New York: Penguin Press, 2009. Singer , P.W. and Emerson T . Brooking . LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media ."

The Insurgent's Dilemma

Despite attracting headlines and hype, insurgents rarely win. Even when they claim territory and threaten governmental writ, they typically face a military backlash too powerful to withstand. States struggle with addressing the political roots of such movements, and their military efforts mostly just "mow the grass," yet, for the insurgent, the grass is nonetheless mowed-and the armed project must start over. This is the insurgent's dilemma: the difficulty of asserting oneself, of violently challenging authority, and of establishing sustainable power. In the face of this dilemma, some insurgents are learning new ways to ply their trade. With subversion, spin and disinformation claiming centre stage, insurgency is being reinvented, to exploit the vulnerabilities of our times and gain new strategic salience for tomorrow. As the most promising approaches are refined and repurposed, what we think of as counterinsurgency will also need to change. The Insurgent's Dilemma explores three particularly adaptive strategies and their implications for response. These emerging strategies target the state where it is weak and sap its power, sometimes without it noticing. There are options for response, but fresh thinking is urgently needed-about society, legitimacy and political violence itself.

 Singer , P. W. , and Emerson T . Brooking . LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media . Boston: Eamon no. 3 Slinko, Elena, Stanislav Bilyuga, Julia Zinkina, and Andrey Korotayev. 'Regime. Dolan/Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2018. Singer -Emery ..."

The USA and the World 2022-2023

The USA and The World 2020-2022 provides students with vital information on these countries through a thorough and expert overview of political and economic histories, current events, and emerging trends.

 Friedman , George . The Next 100 Years : A Forecast for the 21st Century . New York: Anchor, 2010. Fukuyama, Francis. The End of History and the Last Man. New York: Free Press, 1992. Fullilove, Michael. Rendezvous With Destiny: How Franklin ..."

The United States, Russia and Nuclear Peace

This book analyzes the United States and Russia’s nuclear arms control and deterrence relationships and how these countries must lead current and prospective efforts to support future nuclear arms control and nonproliferation. The second nuclear age, following the end of the Cold War and the demise of the Soviet Union, poses new challenges with respect to nuclear-strategic stability, deterrence and nonproliferation. The spread of nuclear weapons in Asia, and the potential for new nuclear weapons states in the Middle East, create new possible axes of conflict potentially stressful to the existing world order. Other uncertainties include the interest of major powers in developing a wider spectrum of nuclear weapons and delivery systems, possibly for use in limited nuclear wars, and the competitive technologies for antimissile defenses being developed and deployed by the United States and Russia. Other technology challenges, including the implications of cyberwar for nuclear deterrence and crisis management, are also considered. Political changes also matter. The early post-Cold War hopes for the emergence of a global pacific security community, excluding the possibility of major war, have been dashed by political conflict between Russia and NATO, by the roiled nature of American domestic politics with respect to international security, and by a more assertive and militarily competent China. Additionally, the study includes suggestions for both analysis and policy in order to prevent the renewed U.S.-Russian nuclear arms race and competition in new technologies. This volume would be ideal for graduate students, researchers, scholars and anyone who is interested in nuclear policy, international studies, and Russian politics.

 Singer , P.W. , and Emerson T . Brooking . 2018. LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media . New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Singer , P.W. , and Allan Friedman. 2014. Cybersecurity and Cyberwar: What Everyone Needs to Know."

The USA and The World 2019-2020

Updated annually and part of the renowned “World Today Series,” USA and the World presents an unusually penetrating look into America and its relationship to the rest of the world.

 Friedman , George . The Next 100 Years : A Forecast for the 21st Century . New York: Anchor, 2010. Fukuyama, Francis. The End of History and the Last Man. New York: Free Press, 1992. Fullilove, Michael. Rendezvous With Destiny: How Franklin ..."

Burn-in

"An FBI agent teams up with the first police robot to hunt a shadowy terrorist in this gripping technothriller-and fact-based tour of tomorrow-from the authors of Ghost Fleet"--

A Novel of the Real Robotic Revolution P. W. Singer , August Cole ... War on the Rocks, July 5, 2019. https:// ... The Atlantic, June 30, 2015. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/ 2015/06/ ghost - fleet - world - war -III/397301/."